Material Mechanical Properties
This is a summary of the most important material mechanical properties
Tensile Strength -Is a measurement of the force required to pull something such as rope, wire, or a structural beam to the point where it breaks.
The tensile strength of a material is the maximum amount of tensile stress that it can take before failure, for example breaking.
There are three typical definitions of tensile strength:
- Yield strength – The stress a material can withstand without permanent deformation. This is not a sharply defined point. Yield strength is the stress which will cause a permanent deformation of 0.2% of the original dimension.
- Ultimate strength – The maximum stress a material can withstand.
- Breaking strength – The stress coordinate on the stress-strain curve at the point of rupture.
Young Modulus / Modulus of Elasticity – relationship between stress (force per unit area) and strain (proportional deformation) in a material in the linear elasticity regime of a uniaxial deformation.
Elongation at yield – The stress corresponding to a specified permanent (plastic) deformation.
Elongation at Break – Elongation between zero stress and final rupture, as a percent of original specimen length. For example, a 1 meter specimen that stretches to 1.1 meters before breaking in two has 10% elongation at break. Also simply called elongation
Ultimate elongation -Is the percentage increase in length that occurs before it breaks under tension
Flexural Modulus – the flexural modulus or bending modulus [1] is an intensive property that is computed as the ratio of stress to strain in flexural deformation, or the tendency for a material to resist bending. It is determined from the slope of a stress-strain curve produced by a flexural test (such as the ASTM D790) and uses units of force per area.
Flexural Yield strength – Typically measured at 5% deformation/strain of the outer surface,
Sources:
https://www.quora.com/What-are-tensile-strength-units
http://www.matweb.com/reference/tensilestrength.aspx